Law And Ethics

1. What are the 5 freedoms of the 1st ammendment?
Speech, religion, press, assembly, petition

2. What is the Tinker Standard?
Student speech cannot be censored as long as it does not "materially disrupt class work or involve subtantial disorder or invasion of rights of others"

3. What is the Frasier Standard? Inappropiate speech for class presidant
Because school officials have an "interest in teaching student the boundaries of sociallt appropiate behavior" they can censor student speech that is vulgar or indecent, even if it does not cause a "material or substantial disruption"

4. What is the Hazelwood Standard?
Censorship of school sponsored student expression is permissable when school officials can show that it is "reasonably related to legitimate pedagogical concerns"

5. What is the Frederick Standard?
January 2002, Olympic Torch travels through town

Principal cancels school

Seniors unveil banner on sidewalk across street which reads "Bong hits 4 jesus"

Suspended for 10 days

6. What is the definition of libel?
"There is no legal justification for censoring a student's expression in the privacy of his home."


Elements of Libel
-defamatory statement (hurts persons reputation)
-published to atleast one other person
-concerning the plantiff
-false statement of fact
-made with fault